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MembersIn Europe: The geography of Jewish fear

A liberal society that offers freedom but cannot protect minorities from violence forces a choice between ideals and survival.

Demonstrators carry Palestinian flags as they gather in Paris on December 2, 2023, for a solidarity rally for the Palestinian people. Photo: EPA/YOAN VALAT
Demonstrators carry Palestinian flags as they gather in Paris on December 2, 2023, for a solidarity rally for the Palestinian people. Photo: EPA/YOAN VALAT

(JNS) Since the Hamas-led terrorist attacks in southern Israel on Oct. 7, 2023, the geography of Jewish fear in Europe has shifted in uncomfortable ways.

Across Western Europe, loud and sometimes violent antisemitism has surged. Synagogues require heavy security; Jewish schools operate under constant protection; and many Jews report avoiding public displays of identity. In France, Germany, Belgium and the United Kingdom, attacks, threats and intimidation have become part of everyday reality. The sense of vulnerability is no longer marginal. It is widespread and deeply felt.

At the same time, Jews in Eastern and Central Europe often describe a different experience. In countries such as Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic, Jewish communities report lower levels of violent antisemitism and a stronger sense of personal safety. People attend synagogue services and events without police cordons. Jewish symbols are not concealed in public. The contrast with Western Europe is difficult to ignore.

Of course, this does not mean that Eastern and Central Europe are more open, liberal or tolerant societies. It means something narrower and more concrete: Jews there are less likely to...

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Patrick Callahan

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