A political earthquake is rocking Iran. The Reform Front, an umbrella organization of reform-minded parties and figures, published a manifesto last Sunday, which it describes as a “golden opportunity for change and a return to the people.” This comes amid an escalation of the war with Israel, which is dividing the country. The manifesto warns of the humanitarian, economic, and psychological costs of continuing military deterrence and calls for national reconciliation, profound reforms, and direct dialogue with the world, including the United States. Key points of the declaration include: a voluntary halt to uranium enrichment, acceptance of IAEA inspections, the release of political prisoners, the dissolution of parallel institutions, the decoupling of the military from politics and the economy, the strengthening of women’s rights, and greater economic transparency.
Israel’s recent operations, both against Hezbollah in Lebanon and in Iran, have had not only military but also far-reaching political consequences. Iran’s reformers are gaining new courage and challenging the power monopoly.
Reactions have been fierce. Hardliners speak of capitulation and “foreign-orchestrated betrayal,” while reformers praise the vision but...
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